Popular Birthdays On January 25

749 – Leo IV, the Khazar, Byzantine emperor (775-80) 1037 – Su Tung-p’o, [J Sotoba], China, layman/poet/administrator [or Dec 19] 1477 – Anna de Bretagne, wife of Maximilian of Austria & Louis XII 1509 – Giovanni Morone, Italian theologist/diplomat/cardinal/”heretic” 1540 – Edmund Campion, london, saint/Jesuit martyr (Decem Rationes) 1615 – Govert Flinck, Dutch painter (Isaac blesses Jacob) 1626 – John van de Cappelle, Amsterdam, landscape painter 1627 – Robert Boyle, Ireld, physicist/chemist/author (experiments with color) 1634 – Gaspar Fagel, lawyer/pension advisor of Holland (1672-88) 1640 – William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Devonshire, English soldier and statesman (d. 1707) 1688 – Juraj Jnok, famous Slovak outlaw (d. 1713) 1708 – Pompeo Girolamo Batoni, Italian painter 1736 – Joseph-Louis Lagrange, Turin, Italy, mathematician and astronomer 1739 – Charles Franois Dumouriez, French general (d. 1823) 1741 – Benedict Arnold, general/traitor (US revolution) 1750 – Johann Gottfried Vierling, composer

1759 – Robert Burns, Alloway Scotland, poet (Auld Lang Syne) 1766 – Hans CE Freiherr von Gagern, German advisor to Dutch king Willem I 1770 – Francis Burdett, British politician 1777 – Elias Canneman, Dutch liberal minister of Finance (1813-14) 1794 – Franois-Vincent Raspail, French chemist (d. 1878) 1796 – William McGillivray, Old Aberdeen, naturalist 1806 – Daniel Maclise, Irish painter 1814 – Francis Harrison Pierpont, governor (Union), died in 1899 1826 – Rembt T H P L A van Boneval Faure, Dutch MP 1834 – Pablo Hernandez Salces, composer 1839 – Seldon Connor, Brig General (Union volunteers), died in 1917 1841 – John Arbuthnot Fisher, Ceylon, 1st Baron Fisher/admiral of the fleet 1844 – Frederick E Kitziger, composer 1851 – Arne Garborg, Norwegian playwright (Bondestudentar) 1851 – Jan Blockx, Belgium, opera composer (Sea Bride princess of Herberg) 1858 – Giuseppi Radiciotti, composer 1858 – Kokichi Mikimoto, Japanese pearl farm pioneer (d. 1954) 1860 – Charles Curtis, (R) 31st US VP (1929-33) 1864 – Julije Kempf, Croatian historian and writer (d. 1934) 1866 – Emile Vandervelde, President (1900-1918) of the international Socialist Bureau and Minister of 3 Belgian governments (d. 1938) 1874 – Hewlett Johnson, [Red Dean of Canterbury], English bishop 1874 – [William] Somerset Maugham, Paris, British novelist/poet (Of Human Bondage) 1878 – Ernst Alexanderson, Swedish-born television pioneer (d. 1975) 1880 – Francis George Scott, composer 1881 – Emil Ludwig, German biographer (Diana, Son of Man) 1881 – Gustave Frederic Soderlund, composer 1882 – virginia [Adeline] Woolf, london, author (Jacob’s Room, To Lighthouse)

41 – After a night of negotiation, Claudius is accepted as Roman Emperor by the Senate. 1348 – A strong earthquake strikes the south Alpine region of Friuli in modern Italy, causing considerable damage to buildings as far away as Rome. 1494 – Alfonso II becomes King of Naples. 1533 – Henry VIII of England secretly marries his second wife Anne Boleyn. 1554 – Founding of So Paulo city, Brazil. 1573 – Battle of Mikatagahara, in Japan; Takeda Shingen defeats Tokugawa Ieyasu. 1575 – Luanda, the capital of Angola is founded by the Portuguese navigator Paulo Dias de Novais. 1755 – Moscow University is established on Tatiana Day. 1787 – American Daniel Shays leads a rebellion to seize Federal arsenal to protest debtor’s prisons. 1791 – The British Parliament passes the Constitutional Act of 1791 and splits the old Province of Quebec into Upper and Lower Canada. 1792 – The london Corresponding Society is founded. 1858 – The Wedding March by Felix Mendelssohn becomes a popular wedding recessional after it is played on this day at the marriage of Queen Victoria’s daughter, Victoria, and Friedrich of Prussia. 1879 – The Bulgarian National Bank is founded. 1881 – Thomas Edison and Alexander Graham Bell form the Oriental Telephone company. 1890 – Nellie Bly completes her round-the-world journey in 72 days. 1909 – Richard Strauss’ opera Elektra receives its debut performance at the Dresden state Opera.

1915 – Alexander Graham Bell inaugurates U.S. transcontinental telephone service, speaking from new york to Thomas Watson in San Francisco. 1918 – The Ukraine declares independence from Bolshevik Russia. 1919 – The League of Nations is founded. 1924 – The 1924 Winter Olympics opens in Chamonix, France (in the French Alps), inaugurating the Winter Olympic Games. 1932 – Second Sino-Japanese War: The Chinese National Revolutionary Army begins its defense of Harbin. 1937 – The Guiding Light debuts on NBC radio from Chicago. In 1952 it moves to CBS television, where it remains until Sept. 18, 2009. 1941 – Pope Pius XII elevates the Apostolic Vicariate of the Hawaiian Islands to the dignity of a diocese. It becomes the Roman Catholic Diocese of Honolulu. 1942 – World War II: Thailand declares war on the United states and United Kingdom. 1945 – World War II: The Battle of the Bulge ends. 1946 – The United Mine Workers rejoins the American Federation of Labor. 1949 – At the Hollywood Athletic Club the first Emmy Awards are presented. 1955 – The Soviet Union ends state of war with Germany. 1960 – The National Association of Broadcasters reacts to the Payola scandal by threatening fines for any disc jockeys who accept money for playing particular records. 1961 – In washington, D.C. John F. Kennedy delivers the first live presidential television news conference. 1969 – Brazilian Army captain Carlos Lamarca deserts in order to fight against the military dictatorship, taking with him 10 machine guns and 63 rifles. 1971 – Charles Manson and three female “family” members are found guilty of the 1969 Tate-LaBianca murders. 1971 – Idi Amin leads a coup deposing Milton Obote and becomes Uganda’s president. 1971 – Himachal Pradesh becomes the 18th Indian state. 1981 – Jiang Qing, the widow of Mao Zedong, is sentenced to death. 1986 – The National Resistance Movement topples the government of Tito Okello in Uganda. 1990 – The Burns’ Day storm hits northwestern Europe. 1993 – Five people are shot outside the CIA headquarters in Langley, virginia resulting in two murders.

1994 – The Clementine space probe launches. 1995 – The Norwegian Rocket Incident: Russia almost launches a nuclear attack after it mistakes Black Brant XII, a Norwegian research rocket, for a US Trident missile. 1996 – Billy Bailey became the last person to be hanged in the United states of America. 1998 – During a historic visit to Cuba, Pope John Paul II demands the release of political prisoners and political reforms while condemning US attempts to isolate the country. 1998 – A suicide attack by the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam on Sri Lanka’s Temple of the Tooth kills 8 people and injures 25 others. 1999 – A 6.0 Richter scale earthquake hits western Colombia killing at least 1,000. 2001 – A 50-year-old Douglas DC-3 crashes near Ciudad Bolivar, Venezuela killing 24. 2003 – 2003 Invasion of Iraq: A group of people left london, England, for Baghdad, Iraq, to serve as human shields to prevent the U.S.-led coalition troops from bombing certain locations. 2004 – Opportunity rover (MER-B) lands on surface of Mars. 2005 – A stampede at the Mandher Devi temple in Mandhradevi in India kills at least 258. 2006 – Three independent observing campaigns announce the discovery of OGLE-2005-BLG-390Lb through gravitational microlensing, the first cool rocky/icy extrasolar planet around a main-sequence star. 2006 – Mexican professional wrestler Juana Barraza is arrested in conjunction with the serial killing of at least 10 elderly women. 2010 – Ethiopian Airlines Flight 409 crashes into the Mediterranean Sea shortly after take-off from Beirut Rafic Hariri international Airport, killing all 90 people on-board. 2011 – Egyptian Revolution of 2011 begins in Egypt, with a series of street demonstrations, marches, rallies, acts of civil disobedience, riots, labour strikes, and violent clashes in Cairo, Alexandria, and throughout other cities in Egypt.